Before introducing and exploring the details of the framework used in the Women, Work and Violence in South Asia study, we will take a step back and take a look at some of the pre-existing knowledge relating to women’s economic engagement and their experience of violence.
First take a look through the reading below, noting down any key insights you gain from what is known from existing research
>> Reading: Relationship between women’s economic engagement and violence (what we already know)
In this next video, with Professor Tamsin Bradley and Dr Zara Ramsay talk about what was already known from existing literature, and some of the key issues that needed to be thought when embarking on this study.
Having a well thought out framework is essential for a study or project, in order to set out clear objectives that generate relevant insights and outcomes that can be informative for future action. Under this theme, we now describe the framework we used and the thinking behind this. As a result of the study we were able to further refine the thinking and develop a ‘theory of change’, which sets out links between activities and outcomes to bring about positive change. This which will be introduced and explained in our fourth theme.
Theory and Methods
For this study we adopted an analytical framework that combines the social ecology framework introduced in our first theme where we explored the need to understand context, with intersectional analysis and use of a gender-based violence spectrum. These three elements are now briefly outlined in the table below:
Now read the following document which describes the above elements in more detail:
>> Reading: Analytical Framework
Ethnographic Web Model
As you will see from the reading, the convergence of these elements was captured in the model illustrated below, which visualises an embedded set of considerations with individuals (women and men) at the heart of the model. Their experience of violence is influenced by several factors, and is situated in relationships and linkages that arise at different levels from local to global.
This ‘web model’ combines intersectionality with the social ecology framework, and whilst not explicitly illustrating the gender based violence spectrum, this spectrum can be built into the design of questions to be explored at the different levels.
The combination of these approaches enables us to extrapolate a complex picture of how gendered norms are embedded and often sanction VAW. It also enables us to ascertain if these entry points could be similar across different contexts, rural and urban and cross-region. Digging out and evidencing these nuances is vital if clear recommendations are to be made with constructive actions and case studies of good practice.
Women’s situation in South Asia
Before describing how this theoretical framework and the methods described have been reflected in the Women, Work and Violence in South/SE project design, we will now watch a video talk from one of the project workshops, where Professor Rajni Palriwala from University of Delhi provides us with an overview of the situation facing women in South Asia.
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